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Student Email Address:

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 Class Date/s:

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Oh-oh, this is just like school - Yikes!  Don't worry too much, we don't give pass/fail grades on this test.  We need to measure how effective our instruction has been so we can make improvements in the future.  Take as much time as you like and you can certainly talk to your fellow students.  We will provide the answers after all students have completed this quiz.  The exam has 90 questions (went a bit overboard this time).  A good score is 70 correct answers.

1. I am a fairly competent class III paddler.  I am planning a Winter paddling trip.  To be safe, what is the maximum river class I should choose?
   1. I
   2. II
   3. III
   4. IV
2. In a rescue situation, who's safety is the number one priority?
   1. The victim
   2. People in your group
   3. Yourself
   4. Trip Leader
   5. Bystanders
3. A strainer is on the right river bank.  You are giving signals below to others in your group.  Which way do you point?
   1. Towards the strainer to emphasize the obstacle
   2. Away from the strainer
4. Someone has pinned their kayak and it looks serious, how many whistle blasts should you blow?  For extra credit, what if you hear only two blasts?  What should you do?
   
   1. One
   2. Two
   3. Three
   4. Four
5. For the International standard of River Rapid classifications, there is one standard that is not based on difficulty.  This is the class for "Can't be run without severe risk to life".  Which class is this?
   1. I
   2. II
   3. III
   4. IV
   5. V
   6. VI
   7. VII
6. Which is the safest kayaking/canoeing brace?
   1. High Brace
   2. Medium Brace
   3. Low Brace
7. What does the Paddlers Box protect?
   1. Your head
   2. Your hands
   3. Your torso
   4. Your elbows
   5. Your shoulders
8. It is a beautiful day, sunny, and 70^o.  The water is somewhat cool, around 46^o.  Do I need to be concerned about hypothermia?
   1. Yes
   2. No
9. What is the most important consideration when selecting a kayak helmet?
   1. Style
   2. Coverage
   3. Fit
   4. Price
10. What is the minimum number of paddlers for a safe trip?
    1. 1
    2. 2
    3. 3
    4. 4
    5. 5
    6. 7
11. A certain man-made structure typically has a huge backwash and is nearly impossible to escape in floods.  Another term for this structure is the Drowning Machine.  What is this structure?
    
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12. I am planning to visit my relatives in another state.  Fortunately, I can bring my paddle craft with me - Yippee!  What are two good objective sources for getting information on rivers in the area?  (Hint: Two different formats)
    
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13. I'm leading on a stream I haven't paddled before.  I can't see over the horizon line and the water is moving quickly in that direction.  What should I do?
    1. Slowly back paddle to the lip
    2. Aim for the middle of the drop and pick your route on the fly
    3. Paddle quickly towards the drop to get some speed for a boof stroke
    4. Pull over to the side and scout from shore
14. What should you add in the back of your decked boat to displace water and protect it if you take a swim?
    
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15. What is an essential piece of safety gear every intermediate paddler should have either in their boat on them?
    
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16. In terms of rescue priorities, number these in proper order:
    
    ___ Boat  ___ Paddle  ___ People
17. Why do we use safety whistles and hand/paddle signals on whitewater runs?
    
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18. What is the most common self-rescue technique for experienced decked boat paddlers?
    
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19. I started CPR on a drowned boater.  It has been 15 minutes and I don't feel it is working.  Is it OK to stop?  If not, how many minutes?
    
    1. Yes
    2. No
20. What law provides legal protection to rescuers in most states?
    
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21. TTRETHROG is a clever acronym used to prioritize rescue techniques.  What does it stand for in order?
    
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22. Someone in your party has pinned their paddling craft and needs a rescue.  Name three roles on your rescue team.
    
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23. What is the hand signal for I'm OK?
    
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24. What are two types of medical training kayakers should consider taking?
    
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25. Name three pieces of safety gear all rescuers should wear.
    
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26. What is the most important feature of a rescue vest?
    
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27. Name four uses for a rescue vest.
    
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28. What is the generally accepted perfect length and thickness for a full size throw rope?
    
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29. Name three common throw rope fibers and which one is the weakest?
    
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30. What rescue tool is good to carry on your PFD when working with rope?
    
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31. Which tossing technique is easiest to use on a full size throw rope?
    1. Overhand
    2. Sidearm
    3. Underhand
32. What is a messenger line used for?
    
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33. What is the most common and useful knot family used in rescues?
    
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34. What kind of knot is used for tying rescue webbing?
    
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35. How do you tie a tensionless hitch?
    
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36. I have to use some small saplings for an anchor.  Where should I set the loop around the tree?
    
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37. I am using a two-point anchor system, which angle produces the most stress on these anchors?
    1. 180^o
    2. 90^o
    3. 45^o
38. What is the minimum size pulley diameter needed to maintain full rope strength for a 1/2" line?
    1. 1"
    2. 2"
    3. 3"
    4. 4"
39. What is the theoretical mechanical advantage provided by a Z-Drag?
    1. 2:1
    2. 3:1
    3. 4:1
40. To build a pin kit, we often use the mnemonic 4, 3, 2, 1.  What are we referring to?
    
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41. Name four types of pins?
    
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42. How do you sink a Snag Line to free someone from a foot entrapment?
    
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43. Which two lines are most commonly used on a pinned boat?
    1. Cinch Line
    2. Stabilization Line
    3. Snag Line
    4. Tag Line
44. Which type of line is used to help a pinned boater breathe easier?
    1. Cinch Line
    2. Stabilization Line
    3. Snag Line
    4. Tag Line
45. Which type of line is your last resort to use on a pinned victim?
    1. Cinch Line
    2. Stabilization Line
    3. Snag Line
    4. Tag Line
46. Which type of line takes the load after a boat is freed from a pin?
    1. Cinch Line
    2. Stabilization Line
    3. Snag Line
    4. Tag Line
47. Which cinch technique would you choose when you don't have access to the other side of the river?
    1. Mather Shrinking Loop Cinch
    2. Simple Cinch
    3. Kiwi Cinch
    4. Simple Closed Cinch
    5. Carlson Cinch
48. What is the major risk in using cinch techniques on heads down foot entrapped victims?
    
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49. What is the name of a rescue method where you empty a swamped boat in midstream by dragging upside down over yours?
    
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50. What is a snag plate used for?
    
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51. You have broached on a boulder.  What should you do to free yourself?
    
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52. For SUP whitewater paddlers, where should the release coil be attached?
    1. Downstream to push off and avoid foot entrapment
    2. To the side and swim like mad
    3. Upstream
53. Explain what a Canadian log roll is?
    
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54. You are approaching a 6' vertical ledge, what swimming position should you use?
    
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55. I have heard you can escape deep holes by swimming to the bottom of the hole and catch the jet stream to force you downstream.  Should I take off my PFD so I can dive deep enough?
    1. Yes
    2. No
56. Name four types of wading techniques?
    
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57. Explain what the "Safe Eddy Rule" is.
    
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58. What piece of rescue gear is mandatory for towing a swamped boat in rapids?
    
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59. Besides towing, what is another method for getting a boat quickly to shore?
    
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60. If you have a panicked swimmer, which end of your decked boat is best to tow them from?
    1. Front
    2. Back
61. The victim seems to have a neck injury.  Before I move them, what do I need to do?
    
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62. What is the minimum number of lines necessary for a V-Lower?
    
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63. What is the minimum number of pulleys (or substitutes like carabineers) in a Z-Drag system?
    
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64. Explain what a HOG rescue is?
    
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65. Which part of my body should hit the water first in a properly executed shallow water entry dive?
    
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66. Someone in your paddling group took a hard fall when portaging a rapid.  It looks like they have a C-Spine injury.  You have taken a basic (urban) first aid course but want to help.  You know that they need to go to a hospital for treatment, should you evacuate them?
    1. Yes
    2. No
67. It is late November and pretty chilly out.  For thermal protection, I have a dry suit, mystery hood, poagies, and warm booties?  Am I missing something?  If so, what?
    1. Yes
    2. No
68. We planning an exploratory run on a new creek in West Virginia.  Although we think we have enough time to complete the run, accidents can happen.  In an emergency, what are three essentials for an extended overnight stay?
    
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69. I have a rescue vest without a belt ring so I need to use a carabineer.  What kind of a carabineer should I use?
    
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70. You are taking part in a Live-Bait rescue.  What are two hand signals you need to know and use?
    
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71. You are on the end of a throw rope in the water.  What is the last portion of your body the rope crosses before heading off to the belay person on shore?
    
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72. You notice that the belay person is having difficulties landing a swamped canoe.  You are 10' downstream of them on the same side of the river and within easy reach of the rope.  What technique can you use to take a great deal of load off the belay person and bring the boat to shore much faster?
    
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73. Name three ways to get a line across a river.
    
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74. When running a rope across a river, where should you set safety?
    
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75. What is the name of the knot used to make a prussic loop?
    
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76. What are three precautions you should take when rigging a mechanical advantage system?
    
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77. I have three anchors attached to a single carabineer with the load line.  What is the correct angle between these anchors?
    1. 60^o
    2. 90^o
    3. 120^o
78. What does the term Chock mean in setting anchors?
    
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79. What rescue technique should I always consider before resorting to a Z-Drag?
    
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80. When wading out to a person with a foot entrapment, what should I do to avoid the same fate?
    
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81. Where should a stabilization line cross the victim?
    
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82. Is a stabilization line effective on an unconscious victim?  Explain.
    1. Yes
    2. No
83. What swimming technique is used to cross a very strong eddy line?
    
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84. What is the minimum number of paddlers you should send racing downstream to get help?
    
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85. Name three ways to rescue paddles?
    
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86. In a pre-set Live Bait rescue, what are three ways to deal with a panicked swimmer?
    
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87. Explain how best to unpin a raft?
    
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88. In general terms, explain the term ICS?
    
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89. Name four pieces of information trip leaders should gather prior to the trip they are leading?
    
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